The stitch repeat is marked on the diagram with a bracket in the top right corner (where it says 11目1模様 “11 st 1 pattern repeat”). Not only is that useful for keeping track of where you are in the pattern (it is fore me at least – don’t know about you guys), if you know the stitch repeat, you can easily make the hat larger or smaller.
Ok, one more thing before I get into the actual crochet symbols themselves: how to identify the stitch repeat. Even without knowing the crochet symbols yet, you know a lot about the construction of the hat: it’s made in rounds that grow successively larger. Also note that you work the rounds counterclockwise. The わ symbol (pronounced wa) in the middle means that you’re supposed to do a magic loop, but really any method you know for creating a round in crochet will work. Starting with the big circular part of the pattern, we can see the symbols are arranged in rounds that grow increasingly larger (please excuse my terrible hand-drawn lines – my photo software doesn’t do circles). If you’re not already familiar with symbol crochet, the important thing to know is that one symbol = one stitch. Then we have a big circle full of crochet symbols, and above it we have some rows of crochet symbols. Let’s assume that means that the hat is worked from the top down. We have a diagram of a hat with two pompoms attached to it, and an arrow pointing down from the crown the head. So, everyone have their yarn and hooks ready? First, let’s take a good hard look at the pattern and see what it is the pattern wants you to do.